US-led military forces have repeatedly used toxic munitions and everyday military practices in Iraq and Afghanistan, introducing known carcinogens, teratogens, and genotoxins into the environment without adequate transparency or remediation. Counter to dominant frames problematizing militarized toxicities as merely medical-epidemiological or environmental, I develop the concept of toxic violence to name state violence which employs or produces toxic exposures as weaponry, tactic, or by-product. I analyze the ways in which toxic violence is produced by an uneven field of intentionality, and structured by systemic political and economic factors. I also address the persistent evidentiary dynamics of research and discourse on its health effects. Tracing the multiple ways it defies conventional frames for assessing damage, I analyze how toxic violence constitutes an ongoing, self-replicative form of harm, and press critical questions toward refiguring accountability for its unfolding aftermaths.

中文翻译：

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有毒暴力：伊拉克和阿富汗的军事毒性政治

美国领导的军队在伊拉克和阿富汗反复使用有毒弹药和日常军事实践，将已知的致癌物，致畸物和基因毒素引入到环境中，而没有足够的透明度或补救措施。与将军事化毒性仅作为医学流行病学或环境问题的主要框架相对应，我提出了毒性暴力的概念，以命名使用或产生毒性暴露作为武器，战术或副产品的国家暴力。我分析了意向不均的情况下由系统性政治和经济因素造成的有毒暴力行为的产生方式。我还将探讨有关其健康影响的研究和讨论的持续证据动力。追踪它违反常规框架以评估损坏的多种方式，