This research examines the relationship between economic sanctions and income inequality of sanctioned states. Economic sanctions have a discernible effect on target income inequality. I argue that such an effect significantly varies across sanctions instruments and economic conditions of sanctioned countries. Data analysis for 152 countries from 1974 to 2011 shows that import sanctions increase inequality of labor-abundant targets, but such an effect disappears in labor-scarce targets, whereas the findings provide no reliable evidence for the effect of export sanctions. The results also suggest that foreign aid sanctions reduce the inequality of targets that are significantly dependent on foreign assistance.

中文翻译：

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经济制裁和收入不平等：贸易限制和暂停外国援助对目标国家的影响

这项研究考察了经济制裁与制裁国家收入不平等之间的关系。经济制裁对目标收入不平等有明显影响。我认为，这种影响在制裁工具和受制裁国家的经济状况之间有很大差异。从1974年至2011年对152个国家进行的数据分析表明，进口制裁加剧了劳动密集型目标的不平等，但这种影响在劳动力稀少的目标中消失了，而调查结果没有提供可靠的证据证明出口制裁的效果。结果还表明，外国援助制裁减少了严重依赖外国援助的目标的不平等。