ABSTRACT Some events are so important and transformative that it is valuable to understand what led to the event so others may potentially reproduce it. But making claims from single cases has to be done carefully. This paper explains how to draw useful claims out of unique and inspiring cases. It reviews the methodological strategies that drove a case study looking at how hope and compassion changed the outcome of a would-be school shooting. Specifically, this paper demonstrates the value and process of choosing a positively deviant event on which to focus a case study. Further, it outlines how to approach qualitative analysis from a phronetic, iterative, and heuristic stance. Finally, it offers recommendations for how to make claims made from a single case and how to position them in the context of other studies.

中文翻译：

---

美丽的特殊性：对正偏差案例使用通俗，迭代和启发式方法

摘要一些事件是如此重要且具有变革性，以至于了解导致事件发生的原因很有价值，因此其他事件可能会重现该事件。但是从单个案例中提出索赔必须谨慎进行。本文说明了如何从独特而启发性的案例中得出有用的主张。它回顾了推动案例研究的方法论策略，着眼于希望和同情心如何改变了准学校开枪的结果。具体而言，本文演示了选择一个正偏差事件来进行案例研究的价值和过程。此外，它概述了如何从通俗，迭代和启发式的立场进行定性分析。最后，它提供了有关如何对单个案件提出主张以及如何将其置于其他研究背景中的建议。