The goal of this article is to study the process of formalization of the res publica from the second to the first century bc. The first part analyzes the uncertainty of the res, defining it as the result of the interaction between citizens. The second part studies a shift in the description of the res publica: the passage from a division into partes to an approach in terms of formae. This evolution, which led to a reduction of its elements and a rationalization of its working, also reveals a will to put an end to conflicts. The mixed constitution and the ideological need for consensus became the new model for part of the elite. This process of reduction of the res publica ended with the Augustan invention of the SPQR.

中文翻译：

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RES PUBLICA，FORMA REI PUBLICAE和SPQR

本文的目的是研究公元前2世纪至公元前1世纪的公共事务形式化过程。第一部分分析资源的不确定性，将其定义为公民之间互动的结果。第二部分研究对公共关系的描述的转变：从划分成部分到从形式上讲方法。这种演变导致其要素减少和工作合理化，也显示出结束冲突的意愿。混合的宪法和共识的意识形态需求成为部分精英阶层的新模式。减少公共资源的过程以SPQR的奥古斯都发明告终。