According to Eusebius, the famous Edessene thinker Bardaisan wrote his work On Fate in a time of persecution and addressed it to a figure named Antoninus (HE 4.30). It is commonly surmised that this ‘Antoninus’ was a Roman emperor who sanctioned Christian persecution in some way. But scholars have varied in their interpretations. Some have identified this figure as Caracalla, who visited Edessa in 216–217. But since Eusebius situated Bardaisan’s activity in the reign of Marcus Aurelius, he is often deemed to be the Antoninus in question. As this article surmises, the testimony of Eusebius and other late antique authors, like Epiphanius, reflect certain memories both of the integration of Edessa into the Roman provincial system under Caracalla and the social tensions that it raised. But largely due to Eusebius’ narrative, late antique authors conceived of Marcus Aurelius as the ‘Antoninus’ to whom Bardaisan reportedly addressed On Fate and other apologetic work, and they created social memories of Bardaisan as a would‐be confessor in a context of persecution

中文翻译：

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埃德萨（EDESSA）的巴尔达桑和近东基督教迫害纪念*

根据尤塞比乌斯的说法，著名的爱德森主义思想家巴尔达桑在迫害时期写下了他的著作《命运》，并将其写给一个名叫安东尼·安东尼的人物（HE 4.30）。人们普遍认为，这个“安东尼”是罗马皇帝，以某种方式批准了对基督教的迫害。但是，学者们的解释各不相同。一些人认为这个数字是卡拉卡拉，他在216-217年访问过Edessa。但是由于尤西比乌斯（Eusebius）在马库斯·奥雷留斯（Marcus Aurelius）统治期间将巴尔达桑的活动定为地点，所以他通常被认为是所讨论的安东尼。正如本文所推测的那样，尤西比乌斯（Eusebius）和其他早期的古董作家（如Epiphanius）的证词反映了一些回忆，既有关于埃德莎（Edessa）在卡拉卡拉（Caracalla）统治下融入罗马省级体系，也引起了社会紧张感。但是很大程度上是由于Eusebius的叙述，