In his "Apologia" (98.7), written about ad 158, Apuleius laments the fact that his former ward, the noble young Sicinius Pudens, has been allowed to abandon his studies and is instead spending his time in taverns and with prostitutes and, worst of all, has become a frequent visitor at the local gladiatorial school. Pudens has come to know all the gladiators’ names, their ‘fights and wounds’, and has even started receiving instruction from the 'lanista' himself. In this paper, I investigate the possible reasons why aristocratic Roman youth ('iuvenes') might have sought weapons‐training and the means by which these young men could have accessed such training in connection with a gladiatorial 'ludus'. The investigation additionally considers the organization of gladiators and their trainers in the 'ludus'.

中文翻译：

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ARMORUM STUDIUM：角速度训练和角速度

在关于广告158的“ Apologia”（98.7）一书中，Apuleius感叹说，他的前病房，高贵的年轻西西尼乌斯·普登斯（Sicinius Pudens）被允许放弃学业，取而代之的是在小酒馆和妓女那里度过时光，更糟糕的是总而言之，它已成为当地角斗学校的常客。Pudens已经知道所有角斗士的名字，他们的“战斗和伤口”，甚至还开始接受“ lanista”本人的指示。在本文中，我研究了罗马贵族青年（“ iuvenes”）可能寻求武器训练的可能原因，以及这些年轻人与角斗士“鲁杜斯”相关的接受这种训练的方式。调查还考虑了“ ludus”中角斗士及其教练的组织。