Archaeologists are tasked with balancing a call to open data and the need to maintain confidentiality of sensitive archaeological site locations. Low-resolution mapping and data aggregation are the methods most commonly used to hide site locations; however, we understand little of the effectiveness of these practices. Trends in geomasking, obscuring observed geographic points, to anonymize public health data are suggested as a source of methods for sharing archaeological site data. Archaeologists have available to them a number of geomasking methods that balance open data and site security in different ways. Low-resolution mapping at several scales and random direction with fixed radius, random perturbation donut, and Gaussian donut techniques are tested on a set of archaeological site locations. Random perturbation donuts resulted in the best balance between obscuring archaeological locations and conveying observed spatial patterning. Researchers should carefully consider how they convey archaeological location data, as commonly used low-resolution scales may not provide the desired level of obscurity. Researchers should also be explicit as to how and why their methods of site visualization are chosen.

中文翻译：

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绘制考古遗址地图的伦理和最佳实践

考古学家的任务是平衡开放数据的呼吁和保持敏感考古遗址位置机密性的需要。低分辨率映射和数据聚合是最常用的隐藏站点位置的方法；然而，我们对这些做法的有效性知之甚少。建议将地理掩蔽、模糊观察到的地理点、匿名化公共卫生数据的趋势作为共享考古遗址数据的方法来源。考古学家向他们提供了许多地理掩蔽方法，以不同的方式平衡开放数据和站点安全。在一组考古遗址位置上测试了具有固定半径的多个尺度和随机方向的低分辨率映射、随机扰动甜甜圈和高斯甜甜圈技术。随机扰动甜甜圈在模糊考古位置和传达观察到的空间模式之间取得了最佳平衡。研究人员应仔细考虑他们如何传达考古位置数据，因为常用的低分辨率比例尺可能无法提供所需的模糊程度。研究人员还应该明确说明如何以及为什么选择他们的网站可视化方法。