Alexander von Humboldt’s and James Bryce’s travels in Latin America were separated by a century; nevertheless, both of them situated the region within a continental and worldwide framework. The two men emphasized the importance of geography as a factor that influenced history whenever they explained the development of peoples, both in their more “primitive” phases as well as in a more “advanced” state of civilization. Although Bryce’s South America (1912) has often been disregarded by Bryce scholars, what is certain is that the work reveals important keys regarding the ways in which he understood geography as a true foundation of the historical development of nations, and humanity as a whole. This certainty, also present to good extent in Humboldt, has been highlighted in the present article.

中文翻译：

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亚历山大·冯·洪堡和詹姆斯·布莱斯的比较：历史中的地理因素

亚历山大·冯·洪堡和詹姆斯·布莱斯在拉丁美洲的旅行相隔一个世纪；尽管如此，它们都将该区域置于大陆和世界范围内。这两个人在解释民族发展时都强调地理作为影响历史的一个因素的重要性，无论是在更“原始”的阶段还是在更“先进”的文明状态。尽管布莱斯的《南美洲》（1912 年）经常被布莱斯学者忽视，但可以肯定的是，这部作品揭示了关于他将地理理解为国家和整个人类历史发展的真正基础的方式的重要关键。这种确定性在洪堡也得到了很好的体现，在本文中得到了强调。