Abstract This article discusses the teachers’ role in self-directed learning (SDL) – a central concept in adult education. We explore the use of Socratic questioning to develop critical thinking, which is the outcome of SDL in problem-based learning (PBL). In particular, we analyse 11 adult learners’ reflective journals in relation to a Socratic seminar. Findings showed that adult learners value the mutual relationship between the learner and the teacher in managing the learning process. In addition, we suggest a teaching approach where Socratic questioning can facilitate students’ SDL. We conclude with implications on its use as a means to initiate the learning goals of a PBL tutorial.

中文翻译：

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如何使用苏格拉底式提问来促进成年人的自主学习

摘要本文讨论了教师在自我指导学习（SDL）中的作用-自我指导学习是成人教育的核心概念。我们探索使用苏格拉底式提问来发展批判性思维，这是SDL在基于问题的学习（PBL）中的结果。特别是，我们分析了与苏格拉底研讨会相关的11种成人学习者的反思性期刊。研究结果表明，成年学习者在管理学习过程中重视学习者与老师之间的相互关系。此外，我们建议一种教学方法，苏格拉底式提问可以促进学生的SDL学习。我们以使用它作为启动PBL教程学习目标的一种方法来进行总结。