ABSTRACT The legacy of the Finnish inventor and engineer Eric Magnus Campbell Tigerstedt (1887–1925) is not very widely known, even among the Finnish public. Nevertheless, Tigerstedt’s short yet prolific life touched and crossed several cultural and national boundaries: he was born to a Swedish-speaking aristocratic family in Russia’s Grand Duchy of Finland, but he studied in Germany, worked in Denmark and died in the United States at the age of 37. During his ill-fated career, Tigerstedt managed to create around 70 novel electrical devices and methods, which received over 100 patents from all over the world. Many of his inventions were aimed at creating a functioning and commercially viable sound film technology, including various amplifiers, loudspeakers and microphones. Even inventions such as the Cryptographone and an electronic hearing aid can be seen as side products of his ultimate dream of recording and reproducing synchronised sound with film image. This article and its attached documents introduce Eric Tigerstedt’s work on the ‘speaking image’ and the different approaches he used: sound on film both as variable density and as variable area photography, synchronisation of sound on disk with film projection, and recording sound – and even image – through magnetisation on a steel wire or steel band.

中文翻译：

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早期有声电影先驱：Eric MC Tigerstedt 1912-1920 年的专利和专利申请

摘要 芬兰发明家和工程师埃里克·马格努斯·坎贝尔·泰格施泰特 (Eric Magnus Campbell Tigerstedt, 1887–1925) 的遗产并不广为人知，即使在芬兰公众中也是如此。尽管如此，Tigerstedt 短暂而多产的一生触及并跨越了几个文化和国界：他出生于俄罗斯芬兰大公国的一个讲瑞典语的贵族家庭，但他在德国学习，在丹麦工作，并在美国去世。 37 岁。在他不幸的职业生涯中，Tigerstedt 设法创造了大约 70 种新颖的电气设备和方法，并获得了来自世界各地的 100 多项专利。他的许多发明旨在创造一种实用且具有商业可行性的有声电影技术，包括各种放大器、扬声器和麦克风。即使是密码机和电子助听器等发明，也可以看作是他用电影图像录制和再现同步声音的终极梦想的副产品。本文及其附件介绍了埃里克·泰格施泰特 (Eric Tigerstedt) 在“说话图像”方面的工作以及他使用的不同方法：作为可变密度和可变面积摄影的胶片上的声音、磁盘上声音与胶片投影的同步以及录音——以及均匀图像——通过钢丝或钢带上的磁化。