Abstract The tragic ending of the protagonists in Benito Pérez Galdós’s unfinished novel, Rosalía, exposes the multiple anxieties that economic and technological development produced in Spain at the end of the nineteenth century. The story reveals the symbolic conflict that emerged from the ideological attempt to refashion the past and make it an organic part of the country’s modernization. I show how the text’s negative representations of the trope of conversion—from Protestantism to Catholicism, from landed wealth to finance capital, and from aristocratic authority to bureaucratized power structures—are projections of the uncertainties and fears brought about by material progress. By incorporating train travel and the stock market as the plot’s turning points, Galdós presents two incompatible visions of the world that come into sight in the contrast between England and Spain, thus uncovering the ideological gap between the society of the time and the progressive nation liberals imagined in the future.

中文翻译：

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转换失败的故事：贝尼托·佩雷斯·加尔多斯 (Benito Pérez Galdós) 的《罗莎莉亚》(Rosalía) 不可能重塑传统

摘要 贝尼托·佩雷斯·加尔多斯 (Benito Pérez Galdós) 未完成的小说《罗莎莉亚》(Rosalía) 主人公的悲惨结局暴露了 19 世纪末西班牙经济和技术发展带来的多重焦虑。这个故事揭示了在意识形态上试图重塑过去并使之成为国家现代化的有机组成部分所产生的象征性冲突。我展示了文本对转换比喻的负面描述——从新教到天主教，从土地财富到金融资本，从贵族权威到官僚化的权力结构——是对物质进步带来的不确定性和恐惧的预测。通过将火车旅行和股市作为情节的转折点，