This article analyses and discusses the references to the Greek hero and demigod Heracles as they appear in the Homeric epics and in Apollonius of Rhodes’ Argonautica. Methodologically, it is based on narratological character analysis in a diachronic perspective, and with a cognitive take. It is demonstrated that Heracles serves specific narrative and metapoetic purposes in all the three epics concerned. In the Iliad, by way of several external analepses he fulfils a proleptic function in his role as the first destroyer of Troy, foreshadowing the ultimate destruction of the city. The Odyssey, in turn, attempts to unwrite Heracles from the epic memory by condemning him into the Underworld and into Heaven, and by emphasizing his barbarian nature. Finally, in the Argonautica Heracles is first present, then absent from the main narrative, and on a metapoetic level he is used as a means of reflecting alternative narrative strategies and contents. In sum, it can be demonstrated that the Heracles figure is particularly apt to serve all these narrative and metapoetic ends because of its decidedly multifaceted, contradictory, and transtextual nature.

中文翻译：

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荷马与阿波罗尼乌斯中的赫拉克勒斯：历时视角下的叙事学特征分析

本文分析和讨论了希腊英雄和半神赫拉克勒斯出现在荷马史诗和罗得岛的阿波罗尼乌斯的阿波罗尼乌斯中的参考文献。在方法论上，它基于历时视角下的叙事学性格分析，并具有认知性。事实证明，赫拉克勒斯在所有三部史诗中都有特定的叙事和元诗目的。在《伊利亚特》中，他作为特洛伊的第一艘驱逐舰，通过数次外在的镇痛作用，发挥了催眠作用，预示着这座城市的最终毁灭。反过来，奥德赛试图通过将赫拉克勒斯定为地狱和天堂，并强调他的野蛮本性，试图从史诗记忆中抹去赫拉克勒斯。最后，在 Argonautica 中，赫拉克勒斯首先出现，然后从主要叙述中消失，在元诗的层面上，他被用作反映替代叙事策略和内容的手段。总而言之，可以证明赫拉克勒斯的形象特别适合所有这些叙事和元诗的目的，因为它具有明显的多面性、矛盾性和跨文本性质。