ABSTRACT

This essay aims to analyse the forms and mechanisms of leadership within the Italian and Spanish collectivities in Argentina between 1940 and 1960, studying in particular the action of two groups of political exiles: the Spanish Republicans, who arrived in the South American country mainly from 1939-1940; and the Italian fascists who arrived after 1946. First and foremost, the different political contexts at the time of arrival are compared (conservative governments vs. military government and then first government of Juan Domingo Perón). Secondly, the analysis focuses dynamically on two aspects: 1) the performance of both groups within the associations of the respective communities and the attempts to impose their own agenda within them; 2) the eventual political commitment within the receiving society. Finally, the factors that determined the greater or lesser success of each within and outside their communities of belonging are studied.

摘要

本文旨在分析1940年至1960年在阿根廷的意大利和西班牙集体内部的领导形式和机制，尤其研究两类政治流亡者的行动：西班牙共和党人，他们主要是从1939年抵达南美-1940; 以及1946年以后到达的意大利法西斯主义者。首先，比较到达时的不同政治背景（保守政府与军事政府，然后是胡安·多明戈·佩隆第一政府）。其次，分析动态地集中在两个方面：1）两组在各自社区的协会中的表现以及将自己的议程强加于其中的尝试；2）接受社会内部的最终政治承诺。最后，