ABSTRACT Asian culture has been test-centric for over 1,400 years. U.S. education has been since the 1990s. Based on Kim’s creative Climates, Attitudes, and Thinking skills (CATs), creativity indicators were developed using the 2015 PISA questionnaires. Study I examined (a) relationships between students’ PISA science scores and CATs; (b) differences between Asian and U.S. students in PISA scores and CATs; and (c) relationships between teachers’ years of teaching and nurturing CATs. Study I found (a) negative relationships between students’ PISA scores and CATs, (b) Asian students demonstrating higher PISA scores but lower CATs than U.S. students, and (c) U.S. teachers decreasingly nurture CATs. Study II examined how U.S. CATs changed from 1990 through 2017 by analyzing TTCT norming data (N = 273,441) and found continued declines in CATs, especially in imagination and in young children.

中文翻译：

---

创造力危机更新：美国在学习方面追求高考试分数，紧随亚洲

摘要 1400 多年来，亚洲文化一直以考试为中心。美国教育始于 1990 年代。基于 Kim 的创造性气候、态度和思维技能 (CAT)，使用 2015 年 PISA 问卷制定了创造性指标。研究 I 检查了 (a) 学生 PISA 科学分数与 CAT 之间的关系；(b) 亚洲学生和美国学生在 PISA 分数和 CAT 方面的差异；(c) 教师的教学年限与培养 CAT 之间的关系。研究 I 发现 (a) 学生的 PISA 分数与 CAT 之间存在负相关，(b) 亚洲学生的 PISA 分数较高但 CAT 低于美国学生，以及 (c) 美国教师对 CAT 的培养越来越少。研究 II 通过分析 TTCT 规范数据（N = 273,441）检查了美国 CAT 从 1990 年到 2017 年的变化，并发现 CAT 持续下降，