ABSTRACT

The paper investigates whether productivity growth is affected by the rate of growth of income and by that of employment for a representative sample of Latin American countries from the 1980s to the early 2010s. Having post-Kaleckian models as background, the paper empirically assesses the relationship between these variables, which are believed to be behind the underdeveloped trap, low productivity growth, high income concentration and low-income growth. The results show a positive impact of the rate of growth of income over productivity, the so called Kaldor-Verdoorn coefficient. However, the vast majority of the sample, the effect of employment growth on productivity growth was not significant. The latter results are consistent to the interpretation offered by the Latin American Structuralist School, who has long argued that one of the hallmarks of underdetermine is uneven spread of the productivity gains though the economy. This is the framework used to interpret the results.

摘要

本文针对 1980 年代至 2010 年代初的拉丁美洲国家代表性样本，研究了生产率增长是否受收入增长率和就业增长率的影响。本文以后卡莱克模型为背景，实证评估了这些变量之间的关系，这些变量被认为是落后于生产力增长低、收入集中度高和收入增长低的原因。结果显示收入增长率对生产力的积极影响，即所谓的 Kaldor-Verdoorn 系数。然而，在绝大多数样本中，就业增长对生产率增长的影响并不显着。后者的结果与拉丁美洲结构主义学派提供的解释一致，谁长期以来一直认为，不确定性的标志之一是生产力收益在经济中的分布不均。这是用于解释结果的框架。