ABSTRACT

Although the high levels in Latin America, women’s necessity-driven entrepreneurship is a field that has been little explored. Contemporary research suggests that entrepreneurs may experience less work-life conflict than other workers, but that gender differences mean that women are at a disadvantage in terms of uses of time and the sexual division of labor. We explore how 20 Chilean craftswomen experience their (productive) work time. The content analysis of group interviews shows that these socially at-risk women entrepreneurs achieve wellbeing at work by entering a state of flow. They describe their experience as personal time, which resembles leisure more than it does actual work. This source of emotional wellbeing seems to be a personal strategy that helps them cope with their precarious situation. Their boundaries between work and personal time are blurred. Our findings illustrate how uses of time can be perceived differently in different contexts. We put particular emphasis on the restorative nature of personal time and the need for further research in this area from a gender approach.

摘要

尽管拉丁美洲女性的需求驱动型创业水平很高，但这一领域却鲜有探索。当代研究表明，企业家可能比其他工人经历更少的工作与生活冲突，但性别差异意味着女性在时间利用和性别分工方面处于不利地位。我们探讨了 20 名智利女工匠如何体验她们的（高效）工作时间。小组访谈的内容分析表明，这些面临社会风险的女企业家通过进入心流状态来实现工作幸福感。他们将自己的经历描述为个人时间，这更像是休闲而不是实际工作。这种情绪健康的来源似乎是一种帮助他们应对不稳定处境的个人策略。他们的工作和个人时间之间的界限是模糊的。我们的研究结果说明了在不同的环境下对时间的使用有何不同的看法。我们特别强调个人时间的恢复性质以及从性别角度对该领域进行进一步研究的必要性。