ABSTRACT This innovative mixed methods network study with young refugees in the Netherlands disproves integration policy assumptions that language acquisition is key to social integration and that social integration is about gradually increasing contact with native citizens, or when integration is lacking, about limiting contact to one’s own ethnic group. The study connects the research approaches of government-commissioned quantitative integration studies, which generally reflect the above assumptions, and qualitative studies with migrants, which reveal an ‘integration paradox’ and a ‘doubleness’ of language acquisition generating both inclusion and exclusion. First, it includes the use of languages and countries of origin in ego network data to examine the relationship between language acquisition and social integration. These network data show that participants speak Dutch with most of the diverse non-Dutch people in their networks and have relatively few connections with Dutch natives. Second, to help us understand these findings, participants were asked to share their ‘network stories’. These stories place the network findings within the context of contradictory asylum and integration policies and negative discourse, thereby revealing that with regard to learning Dutch, participants are caught not in a paradox but in an aporia: damned if they do, damned if they don’t.

中文翻译：

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没有荷兰人的荷兰人：话语，政策和计划对年轻难民的社会融合和语言习得的影响（12至23岁）

摘要与荷兰的年轻难民进行的这项创新的混合方法网络研究不符合融合政策的假设，即语言习得是社会融合的关键，而社会融合是逐步增加与当地公民的接触，或者在缺乏融合时，是限制与自己的接触民族。该研究将政府委托的定量整合研究的研究方法（通常反映上述假设）与对移民的定性研究联系起来，揭示了语言习得的“融合悖论”和“双重性”，产生了包容和排斥。首先，它包括在自我网络数据中使用语言和原籍国，以检查语言习得与社会融合之间的关系。这些网络数据表明，参与者与他们网络中的大多数非荷兰人说荷兰语，并且与荷兰本地人的联系相对较少。其次，为帮助我们理解这些发现，要求参与者分享他们的“网络故事”。这些故事将网络发现置于相互矛盾的庇护和融合政策以及消极话语的背景下，从而揭示了在学习荷兰语方面，参与者不是陷入悖论而是陷入了失语症：被谴责，如果被拒绝，则被谴责。 t。