ABSTRACT Attachment theory has achieved a major influence in social work practice as a basis for research and as a foundation for clinical approaches. The contention that attachment as it is contemporarily understood is a ubiquitous phenomenon has been labeled the universality hypothesis. This hypothesis is built on three assertions—that healthy attachment is facilitated through parental sensitivity, that secure attachment is normative, and that healthy attachment leads to longitudinal competence. Critics argue that contemporary attachment theory privileges a conception of child-rearing that is fundamentally based on family structures and societal conditions that ignore the cultural practices of most of the non-Western world. Although the universality hypothesis is intended as a tool for research, this author contends that it can be used as a construct to guide culturally responsive clinical work. The article will first provide an extensive review of the debate around cross-cultural attachment and then explore its clinical implications. A brief case study of clinical work with an ultraorthodox family will be used to elucidate the author’s contention.

中文翻译：

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依恋理论的普遍性假设：文化反应评估的临床意义

摘要 依恋理论作为研究的基础和临床方法的基础在社会工作实践中产生了重大影响。认为依恋是一种普遍存在的现象的论点被称为普遍性假说。这个假设建立在三个断言之上——健康的依恋是通过父母的敏感性促进的，安全的依恋是规范的，健康的依恋导致纵向能力。批评者认为，当代依恋理论优先考虑养育子女的概念，这种概念基本上基于家庭结构和社会条件，而忽略了大多数非西方世界的文化习俗。虽然普遍性假设是作为研究工具的，作者认为，它可以用作指导文化响应临床工作的结构。本文将首先广泛回顾围绕跨文化依恋的争论，然后探讨其临床意义。将使用一个关于超正统家庭临床工作的简短案例研究来阐明作者的论点。