ABSTRACT Recent studies in economic history have investigated long-term changes in regional income inequality in various countries after their domestic markets have been regionally integrated. But this literature has focused mainly on developed economies. Evidence is needed from developing economies. This paper is the first investigation of Mexican regional income disparity over the long term, from the early stages of domestic market integration to the present day (1895–2010). The results show that, despite a persistent north-south income division and very low rank-income mobility, regional inequality has been N-shaped over the long term. This trend is closely correlated to the economic models adopted by Mexico since the late nineteenth century. Box-plot graphs and kernel densities suggest that the initial divergence was driven by rich states becoming richer and poor states becoming poorer, and the subsequent convergence by rich states’ incomes falling towards the national average and poor states’ incomes improving. Moran’s I coefficients show that the only statistically significant income cluster appearing over the entire period was the low income cluster formed by the southern regions. In other words, in Mexico, having rich neighbours does not bring a region prosperity.

中文翻译：

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墨西哥的地区收入分配：1895–2010年的新的长期证据

摘要经济史上的最新研究调查了各国国内市场在区域一体化后的区域收入不平等的长期变化。但是这些文献主要集中在发达经济体。需要发展中经济体提供证据。本文是从国内市场整合的早期到今天（1895年至2010年）从长期来看墨西哥地区收入差距的首次调查。结果表明，尽管南北收入分配持续存在且等级收入流动性非常低，但长期而言，区域不平等现象呈N型。这种趋势与十九世纪末以来墨西哥采用的经济模式密切相关。箱形图和核密度表明，最初的差异是由富裕国家变得富裕而贫穷国家变得更贫穷，随后富裕国家的收入趋向于全国平均水平而贫穷国家的收入有所改善而趋同。Moran的I系数表明，在整个时期内出现的唯一具有统计意义的收入集群是南部地区形成的低收入集群。换句话说，在墨西哥，拥有富裕的邻居不会带来地区繁荣。Moran的I系数表明，在整个时期内出现的唯一具有统计意义的收入集群是南部地区形成的低收入集群。换句话说，在墨西哥，拥有富裕的邻居不会带来地区繁荣。Moran的I系数表明，在整个时期内出现的唯一具有统计意义的收入集群是南部地区形成的低收入集群。换句话说，在墨西哥，拥有富裕的邻居不会带来地区繁荣。