ABSTRACT Despite having convincingly linked colonial extractive institutions to African current poverty, the literature remains unclear about which exact institutions are to blame. To address this research question, in this paper I identify trade policies as one of the main components of colonial extraction by showing their long-term effects on African economic growth. By using the gap between prices paid to African producers in the French colonies and competitive prices as a measure of rent extraction via trade monopsonies, I find a negative correlation between such price gaps and current development. This correlation is not driven by differences in geographic characteristics or national institutions. Moreover, it cannot be explained by the selection of initially poorer places into higher colonial extraction. The evidence suggests that trade monopsonies affected subsequent growth by reducing development in rural areas and that these effects persisted for a long time after independence.

中文翻译：

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采掘机构的长期影响：来自法属殖民地非洲贸易政策的证据

摘要尽管令人信服地将殖民地的采掘机构与非洲当前的贫困联系在一起，但文献尚不清楚应归咎于哪些确切的机构。为了解决这个研究问题，在本文中，我通过显示贸易政策对非洲经济增长的长期影响，将贸易政策确定为殖民地开采的主要组成部分之一。通过使用在法国殖民地支付给非洲生产者的价格与竞争性价格之间的差距作为通过贸易垄断获取租金的一种手段，我发现这种价格差距与当前发展之间存在负相关关系。这种相关性不受地理特征或国家机构差异的驱动。而且，不能通过选择最初较差的地方进入较高的殖民地提取来解释。