ABSTRACT Loosely based on a gruesome fait-divers from 1878, Paul Bourget’s Le Disciple and L’Étape, Alphonse Daudet’s La Lutte pour la Vie, and Maurice Barrès’s Les Déracinés present the figure of the struggle-for-lifeur as a symptom and cause of social decomposition. In these novels and play, young men from the lower classes adopt the struggle for life as the guiding principle for their conduct. Each of these characters, using Darwinian principles as justification, commits or nearly commits a heinous crime, which Daudet called ‘assassinat scientifique.’ The authors associate this extreme version of social Darwinism with the Third Republic, and in particular with its educational policies. The protagonists’ criminal acts serve as illustration and evidence of the republican system’s moral failure. This article explores how these authors construct the struggle-for-lifeur as an emblematic figure of the Third Republic, but also how, in this cluster of fictions, they seek to rend science away from their political enemies in order to promote a socially and politically conservative agenda.

中文翻译：

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生命斗争：Daudet，Barrès和Bourget的“ L'Assassinat Scientifique”

摘要松散地基于1878年的一个可怕的既成潜水员，保罗·布尔吉的Le Disciple和L'Étape，阿方斯·杜德的《 La Lutte pour la Vie》和莫里斯·巴雷斯的《 LeDéraciné》以生命和生命的象征为症状和原因。社会分解。在这些小说和戏剧中，下层阶级的年轻人以毕生奋斗为指导。这些字符中的每个字符都以达尔文原理为依据，犯下或几乎犯下了令人发指的罪行，杜德（Daudet）称之为“刺客科学”。作者将这种极端的社会达尔文主义与第三共和国，特别是其教育政策联系在一起。主角的犯罪行为是共和党体系道德失灵的例证和证据。