Abstract The multifocal 3D digital light microscope (LM) is an advanced tool which allows the high resolution tracking of surface topographies, morphologies and colours, and offers real-time measurements of parameters such as length and roughness, as well as in-situ field microscopic scale documentation. The use of a multifocal digital LM, equipped with powerful software, is examined in the present work as a justified tool for the study of ancient objects retrieved from shipwrecks. For that purpose, various archaeological objects were studied with an advanced multifocal LM system, which included an improved light sensitivity sensor. The results were compared to other methods, such as XRF, SEM-EDS, Raman spectroscopy and XRD. The use of a multifocal digital LM offers a unique opportunity to relate between the macroscopic and microscopic levels of the surface with colours as they appear in daylight, and correspondingly, in many cases, to expose the manufacturing process of the object.

中文翻译：

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微观结构之旅：使用多焦点3D数字光学显微镜研究从沉船中获取的考古文物

摘要多焦点3D数字光学显微镜（LM）是一种高级工具，可对表面形貌，形态和颜色进行高分辨率跟踪，并提供长度和粗糙度等参数的实时测量以及原位场显微镜规模文档。在目前的工作中，使用配备了功能强大的软件的多焦点数字LM作为研究从沉船中获取的古代物体的合理工具进行了研究。为此，使用先进的多焦点LM系统研究了各种考古对象，其中包括改进的光敏传感器。将结果与其他方法（例如XRF，SEM-EDS，拉曼光谱和XRD）进行比较。