Abstract The aim of this study was to confirm the identities of numerous portraits attributed to the composer Vincenzo Bellini by using 3D-to-2D projection. This study also followed on from earlier research on three death masks of Bellini, the results of which had shown that the wax mask in Catania’s Bellini museum best represented Bellini’s face compared to the other two. This study used the aforementioned 3D wax death mask obtained through Reverse Engineering as a reference for a morphometric comparison with 14 other portraits. For each portrait, the linear 3D-to-2D transformation M was found which minimized the distance between the 2D landmarks in the picture and the projected landmarks on the 3D mask. This normalized the distances considering the scale of the portrait and the final dissimilarity score with the mask. In particular, the analytical results were able to identify two portraits which particularly resembled the 3D death mask providing future researchers with the chance to carry out historical-artistic evaluations. We were also able to develop a new tool – Image Mark Pro - to easily annotate 2D images by introducing landmark locations. Since it was so reliable for manually annotating landmarks, we decided to make it publicly available for future research.

中文翻译：

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通过线性投影对死亡面具和肖像之间的相似性进行评估的方法：以Vincenzo Bellini为例

摘要这项研究的目的是通过3D到2D投影来确认作曲家Vincenzo Bellini创作的众多肖像的身份。这项研究是在对贝里尼的三个死亡面具的早期研究之后进行的，该研究结果表明，与其他两个贝里尼博物馆相比，卡塔尼亚贝里尼博物馆中的蜡膜最能代表贝里尼的脸。这项研究使用通过逆向工程获得的上述3D蜡死亡面具作为参考，与其他14张肖像进行了形态计量比较。对于每个肖像，找到了线性的3D到2D变换M，该变换使图片中2D界标与3D蒙版上的投影界标之间的距离最小。这考虑了肖像的比例以及与遮罩的最终差异分数，对距离进行了归一化。特别是，分析结果能够识别出两幅特别类似于3D死亡面具的肖像，从而为未来的研究人员提供了进行历史艺术评估的机会。我们还能够开发一种新工具-Image Mark Pro-通过引入地标位置轻松注释2D图像。由于它对于手动标记地标非常可靠，因此我们决定将其公开提供以供将来研究。