ABSTRACT In 1968, President Nixon established the Commission on an All-Volunteer Armed Force, or the Gates Commission, which served as the impetus and justification for an All-Volunteer Force (AVF). At the end of its deliberations, the commission recommended abolishing the draft and transforming the U.S. military into a force of volunteers beginning in 1973. Interestingly, the debate regarding the merits of both systems appeared to be largely economic – with cost–benefit analysis playing the primary role. Lately, we are beginning to see a new, politically-motivated impetus for returning to a “system of national service.” The ideas spurring this debate are many: the need to reaffirm the nation state, the commitment of citizens to the state, political ownership and oversight of the forces, the need for social equity in serving the nation, limiting the support for armed conflict by burden-sharing among citizens, and equitably spreading the personal cost of war.

中文翻译：

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重新审视全志愿部队的理由

摘要 1968 年，尼克松总统成立了全志愿武装部队委员会或盖茨委员会，作为全志愿部队 (AVF) 的推动力和理由。在审议结束时，委员会建议从 1973 年开始废除草案并将美国军队转变为一支志愿部队。有趣的是，关于这两种系统优点的辩论似乎主要是经济性的——成本效益分析发挥了作用。主要作用。最近，我们开始看到一种新的、具有政治动机的动力，使人们回归“国民服役体系”。引发这场辩论的想法有很多：重申民族国家的必要性，公民对国家的承诺，政治所有权和力量的监督，为国家服务的社会公平的必要性，