ABSTRACT

During the second millennium CE, the medieval settlements of Kilwa in southeastern Tanzania were part of the Indian Ocean trading system that left a clear physical legacy of stone towns along with oral histories and sailing traditions. Modern developmental activities including exploration of oil and gas, house building, and establishment of tourism infrastructures have led to the reuse of heritage site, hence, an inevitable pressure upon heritage preservation. Unfortunately, despite being outdated and very colonial, legislations enacted to support protection of heritage sites are inadequately enforced. This paper looks at complementary conservation challenges by considering the value of medieval monuments and intangible heritage assets within the ecosystem services. We also provide some suggestions on how exploitation of non-material benefits in the form of Cultural Ecosystem Services from legends based on intertidal limestone features resembling boats and giants, as well as the venerated baobabs and mangroves can become sustainable.

摘要

在第二个公元二千年期间，坦桑尼亚东南部的基尔瓦（Kilwa）的中世纪定居点是印度洋贸易体系的一部分，该体系保留了石质城镇的明显物质遗产以及口述历史和航海传统。现代发展活动，包括石油和天然气勘探，房屋建筑和旅游基础设施的建立，导致遗产地的再利用，因此，对遗产保护的压力不可避免。不幸的是，尽管已过时且非常殖民化，但为保护遗产而颁布的立法却没有得到充分执行。本文通过考虑中世纪古迹和非物质遗产资产在生态系统服务中的价值来探讨互补的保护挑战。