ABSTRACT The article interrogates the analytical purchase of the concept of militarism in the case of Libya, and its relationship to securitisation. While Libya is often associated with widely securitised threats to the international order, its military institutions have been viewed with suspicion and ambivalence across different phases of Libyan history, making of Libya an uneasy fit for standard categorisations of militarism. This prompts the question of whether and under what circumstances militarism can occur without and even against the military. Drawing on a historical-sociological analysis, the article shifts the focus to micropolitical dynamics and extra-institutional agency with a view to unpacking the complex entanglement of formal and informal armed actors in Libya’s hybrid security governance. The concepts of informalisation of militarism and militarisation of informality are used as analytical lenses to reconstruct the partial, failed, contested and hijacked attempts to build ‘modern’ military institutions in Libya. I suggest that the repertoire of militarism is not so much an end in itself, but a resource mobilised by local and international actors in a contentious field of state-building practices.

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利比亚的安全与非正式：没有军事的军事化？

摘要这篇文章质疑了对利比亚案件中军国主义概念的分析性购买，以及它与证券化的关系。尽管利比亚经常与对国际秩序的广泛证券化威胁有关，但人们对利比亚历史上不同阶段的军事机构持怀疑和矛盾态度，这使得利比亚不适合军国主义的标准分类。这就提出了一个问题，即在没有甚至反对军队的情况下，军国主义是否会在什么情况下发生？文章基于历史社会学分析，将重点转移到微观政治动态和机构外代理上，以期揭示正式和非正式武装行为者在利比亚混合安全治理中的复杂纠缠。军国主义的非正式化和非正式化的军事化的概念被用作分析镜头，以重建在利比亚建立“现代”军事机构的部分，失败，有争议和被劫持的企图。我建议，军国主义的曲目本身并不是目的，而是地方和国际行为体在有争议的国家建设实践领域中动员的资源。