ABSTRACT This paper focuses on Kenyan writer, Ngũgĩ wa Thiong’o's paradoxical engagement with Christianity and its topology. Against his increasingly hostile attitude towards the Christian establishment in a post-colonial space, the paper interrogates how this writer, who has been dubbed a “religious writer,” deploys Christianity and its topology as a conduit for his subversion in his fiction. Partly informed by Stephen Greenblatt's seminal essay “Invisible Bullets” and its conception of containment and subversion, the article examines how Ngũgĩ uses Christianity and its topology to advance his literary and rhetorical agenda of exposing and questioning colonial and neo-colonial social injustices, hence turning such imagery and topology into powerful literary and rhetorical tools that embody the subversion of his works. Although colonialism and its link to the spread of Christianity has been exploited by many African writers in dialogical and syncretic ways characterised by subtle shades of meaning and expressions, Ngũgĩ has gone a step further to deploy to his aesthetic and rhetorical advantage the same Christianity that he attacks so fiercely. The paper also examines how the purpose and degree to which Ngũgĩ deploys Christianity as a constant subject and conduit of his subversive writing varies from his apprentice novels to his hard-hitting and ideologically astute and conscious novels. It contends that Ngũgĩ's subversion lies in both the implicit and explicit use of Christian imagery and typology as a conduit for conveying subversive messages that denounce manifestations of exploitation found in his native Kenya, in particular, and other African nation-states in general.

中文翻译：

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“我们心中的上帝”：Ngũgĩ wa Thiong'o小说中的基督教与颠覆

摘要 本文重点讨论肯尼亚作家 Ngũgĩ wa Thiong'o 与基督教及其拓扑学的悖论性接触。针对他在后殖民空间中对基督教机构日益敌对的态度，这篇论文询问了这位被称为“宗教作家”的作家如何将基督教及其拓扑学作为他在小说中进行颠覆的渠道。部分受斯蒂芬格林布拉特的开创性文章“隐形子弹”及其遏制和颠覆概念的启发，本文研究了 Ngũgĩ 如何利用基督教及其拓扑来推进他揭露和质疑殖民和新殖民社会不公正的文学和修辞议程，从而转向将这样的意象和拓扑学转化为强大的文学和修辞工具，体现了他作品的颠覆性。尽管殖民主义及其与基督教传播的联系已被许多非洲作家以对话和融合的方式利用，其特点是意义和表达的微妙阴影，但 Ngũgĩ 更进一步，将他与他相同的基督教运用到他的审美和修辞优势中。攻击如此猛烈。这篇论文还考察了 Ngũgĩ 将基督教作为其颠覆性写作的恒定主题和渠道的目的和程度如何从他的学徒小说到他的强硬、意识形态上精明和有意识的小说有所不同。它争辩说，Ngũgĩ 的颠覆在于隐含和明确地使用基督教意象和类型学作为传达颠覆性信息的渠道，谴责在他的家乡肯尼亚发现的剥削表现，特别是，