ABSTRACT In 2000, Russia and the United States signed the Plutonium Management and Disposition Agreement to dispose of 34 tons of declared excess weapon plutonium each. A 2010 amendment allows Russia to dispose of its weapon-grade plutonium as MOX fuel in its BN-600 and BN-800 fast reactors with the condition that 30 years after irradiation the spent fuel must still emit at least one sievert per hour. Using depletion simulations for the BN-800 reactor, this note presents dose rates for fuel and blanket materials after different irradiation and cooling times. After the full irradiation time of 420 days, the fuel fulfills the disposition criteria. This is not true for shorter irradiation times, however. Furthermore, the dose rate from blanket elements, which breed weapon grade plutonium, declines even more quickly after irradiation. For some blanket element positions, the spent fuel standard is not fulfilled after 960 days of irradiation. To provide confidence in the agreement, Russia, the United States and the International Atomic Energy Agency should agree on monitoring of reactor power and irradiation times for plutonium disposition in such fast reactors.

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BN-800：乏燃料剂量率和钚管理和处置协议

摘要 2000年，俄美签署了钚管理和处置协议，分别处置了34吨申报的过剩武器钚。2010 年的一项修正案允许俄罗斯在其 BN-600 和 BN-800 快堆中处置其武器级钚作为 MOX 燃料，条件是乏燃料在辐照 30 年后仍必须每小时排放至少 1 西弗。本说明使用 BN-800 反应堆的耗尽模拟，介绍了不同辐照和冷却时间后燃料和毯状材料的剂量率。经过 420 天的全辐照时间后，燃料满足处置标准。然而，对于较短的照射时间，情况并非如此。此外，产生武器级钚的毯子元素的剂量率在辐照后下降得更快。对于一些毯式元件位置，经过 960 天的辐照后，乏燃料标准仍未达到。为提供对该协议的信心，俄罗斯、美国和国际原子能机构应就监测此类快堆中钚处置的反应堆功率和辐照时间达成一致。