ABSTRACT Based on case studies, the paper reveals some fundamental flaws in etymologies of loanwords in Modern Russian contained in the most authoritative lexicographic descriptions. Taking into account up-to-date lexicographic sources as well as the time, conditions and circumstances of loanwords entering the Russian lexicon, the article clarifies the etymology of the lexemes under survey and rejects previous doubtful or erroneous hypotheses. The article also discusses the issue of the so-called “literal” meanings of foreign language etymons and the use of the corresponding field label “bukv.” in the etymology fields of dictionary entries. Case studies show that due to the ambiguity of the concept “literal,” the “bukv.” label is used inconsistently, which can be misleading. In this connection, the paper suggests either abandoning the use of the label altogether or clearly defining its meaning in dictionary user guides.

中文翻译：

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Вопросы этимологии и роль энциклопедических сведений в лексикографическом описании заимстворневедений

摘要 基于案例研究，本文揭示了最权威的词典描述中包含的现代俄语外来词词源的一些根本缺陷。考虑到最新的词典来源以及外来词进入俄语词典的时间、条件和情况，文章澄清了所调查词素的词源，并驳斥了先前的可疑或错误假设。文章还讨论了外语词源的所谓“字面”含义以及相应字段标签“bukv”的使用问题。在字典条目的词源领域。案例研究表明，由于“文字”概念的歧义，“bukv”。标签使用不一致，这可能会产生误导。在这方面，