ABSTRACT The Swedish State Institute for Race Biology (SIRB) was founded in 1921 and immediately became the most important institution for racial science in Sweden. We know a great deal about the history of SIRB until 1935, when right-wing director Herman Lundborg retired and was replaced by the left-wing, anti-fascist Gunnar Dahlberg. In this essay, the later history of SIRB is for the first time examined systematically, starting in 1935 and ending with the reorganization of SIRB in the years around 1960, when the name was changed to the Institution of Medical Genetics at Uppsala University. The essay shows that while the majority of research projects at SIRB concerned medical genetics in the years 1936−1960, racial science never disappeared. SIRB scientists engaged in theoretical debates on the concept of race and conducted racial surveys of the Swedish population, using anthropometry and later serology as research methods. The results support the international hypothesis that racial science underwent important changes from the 1930s and onwards but did not really cease to exist.

中文翻译：

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种族生物学中的“种族”发生了什么？瑞典国立种族生物学研究所，1936−1960 年

摘要 瑞典国立种族生物学研究所 (SIRB) 成立于 1921 年，并立即成为瑞典最重要的种族科学研究机构。在 1935 年之前，我们对 SIRB 的历史了解很多，当时右翼导演赫尔曼·伦德堡退休，由左翼反法西斯主义者冈纳·达尔伯格 (Gunnar Dahlberg) 接替。本文首次系统地考察了SIRB后来的历史，始于1935年，结束于1960年左右SIRB的重组，当时更名为乌普萨拉大学医学遗传学研究所。这篇文章表明，虽然 SIRB 的大多数研究项目在 1936 年至 1960 年期间都涉及医学遗传学，但种族科学从未消失。SIRB 的科学家们就种族概念进行了理论辩论，并对瑞典人口进行了种族调查，使用人体测量学和后来的血清学作为研究方法。结果支持了国际假设，即种族科学从 1930 年代及以后经历了重要变化，但并未真正停止存在。