ABSTRACT Since the 1990s, numerous public investigations have been carried out around the world on the abuse of children in out-of-home care. In the case of Iceland, commissions were appointed by the Icelandic government in 2007 to examine the historical abuse of children and youth in institutions monitored by local or state authorities during the second half of the 20th century. All the institutions subject to national investigations in Iceland were created during the postwar era, the earliest one in 1947. This article addresses the discourse on institutions and out-of-home care from a long-time perspective. It is shown that ideas on those institutions came to the fore during the early 20th century and were closely linked to progressive ideas on child welfare at the time. World War II and the British occupation of Iceland shaped the views on institutional care, and the postwar era was a period of intensive institutionalization of children and youth. The study also shows that the rhetoric concerning disobedient youth was heavily gendered. Whereas boys were accused of petty larceny, truancy and vagrancy, the main evils of girls were related to their morals, promiscuity being their chief vice.

中文翻译：

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不听话的男孩和滥交的女孩。对 1900-1960 年冰岛任性青年机构的看法

摘要 自 1990 年代以来，世界各地对儿童在户外护理中的虐待行为进行了大量公开调查。就冰岛而言，冰岛政府于 2007 年任命了委员会，以审查 20 世纪下半叶在地方或国家当局监督的机构中对儿童和青年的历史性虐待。冰岛所有接受国家调查的机构都是在战后时期创建的，最早的机构是1947年。本文从长期的角度来论述机构和户外护理。研究表明，关于这些机构的想法在 20 世纪初脱颖而出，并与当时有关儿童福利的进步思想密切相关。二战和英国对冰岛的占领塑造了机构照料的观点，战后时代是儿童和青年机构密集化的时期。该研究还表明，关于不听话的青年的言论具有严重的性别歧视。男孩被指控犯有小偷小摸、逃学和流浪，而女孩的主要罪恶与他们的道德有关，滥交是他们的主要恶习。