ABSTRACT

The objective of this article is to study the evolution of Spanish agricultural exports, their share of agricultural production as a whole, the determinants of their expansion and, finally, the contribution that they have made to economic development. Our results show considerable dynamism in agricultural exports, which however faced certain obstacles that limited any further expansion. Their share on production varied greatly, but for some relevant products it was fundamental, substantially contributing to its growth. The increase in external demand but also the comparatively high profitability of export products and a high level of competitiveness in the international market generated highly dynamic behaviour in supply. The contribution of the export sector to Spanish economic growth was positive although moderate. It contributed to financing necessary imports during the industrialisation process, favoured a more efficient allocation of resources and produced intersectoral linkages. However, the geographical concentration of production for export limited its spatial impact on the Spanish economy.

摘要

本文的目的是研究西班牙农产品出口的演变、它们在整个农业生产中的份额、它们扩张的决定因素，以及它们对经济发展的最终贡献。我们的研究结果表明，农业出口具有相当大的活​​力，但面临某些限制进一步扩张的障碍。它们在生产中的份额差异很大，但对于一些相关产品来说，这是根本性的，对其增长做出了重大贡献。外部需求的增加以及出口产品的相对较高的盈利能力和国际市场的高竞争力产生了高度动态的供给行为。出口部门对西班牙经济增长的贡献虽然温和，但却是积极的。它有助于为工业化过程中必要的进口提供资金，有利于更有效地分配资源并建立部门间联系。然而，出口生产的地理集中限制了其对西班牙经济的空间影响。