ABSTRACT This article discusses the theoretical core and evolution of Ruben Apressyan’s moral philosophy. The starting point in the development of his views was his clarification of the “idea of morality,” which includes both formal and substantive characteristics, and the correlation of morality with various ethical-normative programs. Having initially accepted the Golden Rule and the Commandment of Love as the basic elements of the normative content of morality, Apressyan later came to the conclusion that they must be supplemented by a third fundamental imperative, lex talionis, which regulates the actions of a moral agent forced to react against another’s hostile behavior. Apressyan asserts the complementarity of the three imperatives by their historical–genetic interrelations and interdependencies. For Apressyan, rehabilitating lex talionis became part of a project of comprehensive critique of moral absolutism, whose normative conclusion was to limit the principle of non-violence and the prohibition against lying. His interest in the genealogy of morality was manifested in his reconstruction of the Golden Rule’s formation and the stages of its normative development. In his historical–philosophical works, Apressyan demonstrated how the modern concept of morality was shaped in philosophy of the early modern era. In his conception of ethics, he sought to represent morality in all its phenomenological diversity.

中文翻译：

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鲁本·阿普斯扬的道德哲学

摘要本文讨论了鲁本·阿普齐安（Ruben Apressyan）道德哲学的理论核心和演变。他的观点发展的出发点是他对“道德观念”的阐明，其中包括形式和实质特征，以及道德与各种道德规范程序的关联。最初接受黄金法则和爱的诫命作为道德规范内容的基本要素之后，阿普斯扬后来得出结论，必须以第三条基本命令法塔利奥尼斯作为补充，该法令规定了道德主体的行为被迫对他人的敌对行为做出反应。Apressyan通过历史与遗传之间的相互依存和相互依存来断定这三个命令的互补性。对于Apressyan，重返塔利奥尼斯法成为道德绝对主义综合批评项目的一部分，其规范性结论是限制非暴力原则和禁止撒谎。他对道德谱系的兴趣体现在他对“黄金法则”的形成及其规范发展阶段的重构中。在他的历史哲学著作中，阿pressyan展示了现代道德观念是如何在近代早期哲学中形成的。在他的伦理学概念中，他试图在所有现象学的多样性中代表道德。他对道德谱系的兴趣体现在他对“黄金法则”的形成及其规范发展阶段的重构中。在他的历史哲学著作中，阿pressyan展示了现代道德观念是如何在近代早期哲学中形成的。在他的伦理学概念中，他试图在所有现象学的多样性中代表道德。他对道德谱系的兴趣体现在他对“黄金法则”的形成及其规范发展阶段的重构中。在他的历史哲学著作中，阿pressyan展示了现代道德观念是如何在近代早期哲学中形成的。在他的伦理学概念中，他试图在所有现象学的多样性中代表道德。