The authors of this article propose and defend the hypothesis that the provincial-born Maxim Gorky, when illustrating his worldview in his polemical and artistic works, served as the bearer of mental characteristics and complexes inherent only and exclusively to the Russian people. The hypothesis in question serves as the basis for a rebuttal to the traditional understanding of Gorky’s social engagement as a writer, including his work as a playwright. Gorky’s anthropology, as a set of sociopsychological and moral personality traits, gender and mental characteristics, as well as a corpus of many dozens of human characters, represents a powerful stratum of national traditions and cultural experience. However, in their cultural–anthropological detailing, these properties are familiar and understood around the world: fear of the lack of love, the need for understanding, acute female–male conflicts. The writer’s lively voice rectifies otherwise banal and oversimplified concepts about man.

中文翻译：

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从高尔基的社会话语到人类学话语：假设和反驳

本文的作者提出并捍卫了这样的假设：省长出生的马克西姆·高尔基（Maxim Gorky）在其具有争议性的艺术作品中阐释其世界观时，承担了俄罗斯人民唯一和专有的精神特征和情结。所讨论的假设是反驳对高尔基作为作家的社会参与（包括他作为编剧的作品）的传统理解的基础。高尔基的人类学是一系列社会心理学和道德人格特质，性别和精神特征以及数十种人类角色的语料库，代表了民族传统和文化经验的强大层次。然而，在文化人类学的细节中，这些特性在世界范围内是众所周知的和理解的：担心缺乏爱，理解的需要，男女之间的尖锐冲突。作家生动活泼的声音纠正了原本平淡无奇的关于人的观念。