ABSTRACT Neoliberal governments increasingly encourage greater industry and community self-reliance. This article investigates the potential use of “smart regulation”, that is, complementary policy instruments, in a context where reliance on voluntary approaches to achieve local cooperation is problematic. It explores the case of industry-driven “area-wide management” (AWM) of fruit fly, a potentially devastating mobile pest. AWM involves synchronised pest management across a geographical area. As host plants in nearby town backyards and peri-urban areas create fruit fly breeding places, pest management is also needed here. In Australia, most local horticulture industries are expected to drive these initiatives to minimise damage to their crops and market opportunities. AWM offers an example of where the beneficiaries are concentrated, but the risk contributors are diffused. Mixed-methods research was applied involving three Australian case studies. Considerations for four policy instruments that could be included in a “smart regulation” approach are explored. The article shows that applying “smart regulation” promises a prudent way forward when governments expect industry self-reliance, but where industry has limited influence over diffused risk contributors.

中文翻译：

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澳大利亚现代生物安全背景下的“智能监管”与社区合作

摘要新自由主义政府日益鼓励更大的行业和社区自力更生。本文在依赖自愿方法实现地方合作存在问题的背景下，研究了“智能监管”（即补充性政策工具）的潜在用途。它探讨了果蝇这种工业驱动的“区域范围管理”（AWM）的情况，果蝇是一种潜在的破坏性移动害虫。AWM涉及跨地理区域的有害生物同步管理。由于附近城镇后院和城市周边地区的寄主植物会产生果蝇繁殖场所，因此这里也需要进行病虫害防治。在澳大利亚，大多数本地园艺业有望推动这些举措，以最大程度地减少对其作物和市场机会的损害。AWM提供了受益人集中的示例，但风险因素分散。应用了混合方法研究，涉及三个澳大利亚案例研究。探讨了可以包含在“智能监管”方法中的四种政策工具。该文章表明，当政府期望行业自给自足，但行业对分散的风险贡献者影响有限时，采用“智能监管”有望采取谨慎的方法。