ABSTRACT This article explores the dynamic interplay between memory and forgetfulness in three French classical tragedies: Cinna, Andromaque, and Britannicus. Corneille envisages forgetfulness as a political virtue in Cinna: Auguste's clemency represents not only the redemption of the political misdeeds of his enemies but also their conversion from rebellion to submission. Moreover, the emperor's magnanimity conjures the notion of historical myth, his transcendence of guilt, and his profound need to detach himself from his criminal identity. Andromaque highlights, on the contrary, the tragic inability of protagonists to escape the powerful hold of the past on their conscience. Memories of the Trojan War continue to obsess them. Whereas Pyrrhus calls into question his heroic identity and winds up rejecting it, Andromaque takes refuge in the mythic past of Troy and remains forever wedded to the horrific images of the war's carnage. Racine emphasizes the deep-rooted influence of the historical past in Britannicus: Agrippine incarnates the aging matriarch bent on recapturing her glorious past but remains obsessed with the tragic dimension of time, which will result in her ultimate fall from power. Néron exemplifies the would-be virtuous emperor incapable of escaping from the tragedy of genetic determinism. By centering attention on the sheer decadence of Rome and the ignominious reign of the “monstre naissant,” Britannicus stands in direct opposition to Cinna, which clearly belongs to the heroic tradition of French classical tragedy.

中文翻译：

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L'Oubli et la memoire dans quelques tragédies classiques françaises

摘要 本文探讨了三个法国古典悲剧：Cinna、Andromaque 和 Britannicus 中记忆和健忘之间的动态相互作用。Corneille 将健忘视为 Cinna 的一种政治美德：奥古斯特的宽大不仅代表他的敌人对政治罪行的救赎，而且代表他们从叛逆到屈服的转变。此外，皇帝的宽宏大量让人联想到历史神话的概念、他对罪恶的超越，以及他与犯罪身份分离的深刻需要。相反，安德洛玛克强调了主角无法摆脱过去对他们良心的强大控制。特洛伊战争的记忆继续困扰着他们。而皮洛士质疑他的英雄身份并最终拒绝了它，安德洛玛克在特洛伊神话般的过去寻求庇护，并永远与战争大屠杀的可怕画面结合在一起。拉辛在《不列颠尼古斯》中强调了历史的根深蒂固的影响：Agrippine 化身为年迈的女族长，一心想要重获她辉煌的过去，但仍然沉迷于时间的悲剧维度，这将导致她最终从权力中垮台。Néron 是一位无法摆脱基因决定论悲剧的潜在贤能皇帝。不列颠尼库斯将注意力集中在罗马的纯粹颓废和“怪物naissant”的可耻统治上，与辛纳直接对立，辛纳显然属于法国古典悲剧的英雄传统。拉辛在《不列颠尼古斯》中强调了历史的根深蒂固的影响：Agrippine 化身为年迈的女族长，一心想要重获她辉煌的过去，但仍然沉迷于时间的悲剧维度，这将导致她最终从权力中垮台。Néron 是一位无法摆脱基因决定论悲剧的潜在贤能皇帝。不列颠尼库斯将注意力集中在罗马的纯粹颓废和“怪物naissant”的可耻统治上，与辛纳直接对立，辛纳显然属于法国古典悲剧的英雄传统。拉辛在《不列颠尼古斯》中强调了历史的根深蒂固的影响：Agrippine 化身为年迈的女族长，一心想要重获她辉煌的过去，但仍然沉迷于时间的悲剧维度，这将导致她最终从权力中垮台。Néron 是一位无法摆脱基因决定论悲剧的潜在贤能皇帝。不列颠尼库斯将注意力集中在罗马的纯粹颓废和“怪物naissant”的可耻统治上，与辛纳直接对立，辛纳显然属于法国古典悲剧的英雄传统。Néron 是一位无法摆脱基因决定论悲剧的潜在贤能皇帝。不列颠尼库斯将注意力集中在罗马的纯粹颓废和“怪物naissant”的可耻统治上，与辛纳直接对立，辛纳显然属于法国古典悲剧的英雄传统。Néron 是一位无法摆脱基因决定论悲剧的潜在贤能皇帝。不列颠尼库斯将注意力集中在罗马的纯粹颓废和“怪物naissant”的可耻统治上，与辛纳直接对立，辛纳显然属于法国古典悲剧的英雄传统。