Hunter-gatherer archaeology typically focusses on the details of subsistence strategies and material culture and, in the case of cemeteries, on various aspects of mortuary practices, beliefs, and social differentiation. This paper aims to look rather at patterns of change over time and space in how past hunter-gatherer cemeteries were used from Late Mesolithic to Early Bronze Age (~8600–3500 cal. BP) in the Cis-Baikal region of Eastern Siberia. The approach is based on a Kernel Density methodology applied to 560 radiocarbon dates obtained for individual burials from 65 cemeteries and representing 5 distinct mortuary traditions. This enables a number of different types of analysis to be performed at different scales: (1) It is possible to examine the overall tempo of burial events at each cemetery or a group of cemeteries; (2) Within each cemetery the spatial patterns of the sequence of graves and burials can be analyzed further; (3) It is possible to compare the different cemetery-specific chronologies within the micro-region or regional context; and (4) Although tentatively at this time, the spatiotemporal pattern of cemetery use over the whole region and can be visualised. The spatio-temporal analysis of individual cemeteries shows that each one had its own pattern, some very distinct and clear in their characteristics, which relate to the role the cemetery played within the microregional or regional population. On the regional scale some broader patterns such as shifts in frequency of burial events between microregions within mortuary traditions are visible. However, at this scale the existing sampling biases require caution in assessment of the results and future fieldwork will help improve the analysis and insights. On the other hand, many of the individual cemeteries have been excavated in full and such comprehensive datasets already provide a range of entirely new and important insights into cemetery use by the Middle Holocene hunter-gatherers of Cis-Baikal.

亨特-加特尔考古学通常侧重于生存策略和物质文化的细节，就墓地而言，则着重于葬实践，信仰和社会分化的各个方面。本文旨在研究西伯利亚东部奇斯贝加尔河地区从中石器时代晚期到青铜时代早期（约8600-3500 cal。BP）过去猎人-采集者公墓的使用方式，其时空变化。该方法基于内核密度方法，该方法适用于从65个墓地的单个墓地获得的560个放射性碳数据，代表了5种不同的葬传统。这使得可以在不同的规模下执行多种不同类型的分析：（1）可以检查每个墓地或一组墓地的埋葬事件的整体速度；（2）在每个墓地中，墓葬和墓葬序列的空间格局可以进一步分析；（3）可以在微观区域或区域范围内比较不同的公墓特定年代；（4）尽管目前暂定，但墓地的时空格局在整个地区都可以使用，并且可以可视化。对各个墓地的时空分析表明，每个墓地都有自己的模式，其特征非常独特和清晰，这与墓地在微区域或区域人口中的作用有关。在区域范围内，可以看到一些更广泛的模式，例如在葬传统内的微观区域之间的埋葬事件发生频率的变化。然而，在这种规模下，现有的抽样偏见需要谨慎评估结果，未来的实地调查将有助于改善分析和见解。另一方面，已经对许多独立的墓地进行了全面挖掘，而这样的综合数据集已经为Cis-Baikal的中全新世猎人-采集者的墓地使用提供了一系列全新的重要见解。