This article presents a comprehensive account of the Bolsheviks’ efforts to control Baku in 1917–18 by analyzing the reasons for their defeat. It argues that the Bolsheviks’ policy during this period in Baku was motivated by power rather than class concerns, and this ambition for power pushed them to pursue their goals even when in a desperate situation. Their defeat in Baku in 1918 demonstrates the clash between a pragmatic nationality policy and the actions of Bolshevik revolutionaries in civil war conditions, particularly while trying to establish control over regions without a significant number of ethnic Russians; indeed, the study of the Baku Sovnarkom illustrates the Bolsheviks’ disregard for the Transcaucasian peoples’ right to self-determination. This study contributes, therefore, to the literature on the Bolsheviks’ stance on the question of national self-determination during the revolutionary period, whilst also offering insights into the power-driven vision of Bolshevik vanguardism.

中文翻译：

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布尔什维克先锋队在行动：1917-18 年的巴库国家公园案

本文通过分析布尔什维克失败的原因，全面介绍了布尔什维克在 1917-18 年间控制巴库的努力。它认为，布尔什维克这一时期在巴库的政策是出于权力而不是阶级问题，这种对权力的野心促使他们即使在绝望的情况下也能追求自己的目标。他们在 1918 年在巴库的失败表明了务实的民族政策与布尔什维克革命者在内战条件下的行动之间的冲突，特别是在试图建立对没有大量俄罗斯族人的地区的控制时；的确，对巴库苏夫纳科姆的研究表明布尔什维克无视外高加索人民的自决权。因此，本研究有助于