The Civil War’s denouement into separate Bolshevik and White émigré memorial spaces meant that its monuments served to represent conflict between still-hostile sides, not promote reconciliation between victors and vanquished. Both sides worked inside a public space infused with the political and cultural mobilization for a continuing civil war. The Soviet and émigré populations were also separated by international borders, irreconcilable political ideologies and different public institutions, and neither side needed to integrate members of the former enemy into a shared political terrain. Finally, local people and interest groups showed more interest in Civil War memorials than national politicians and elites, and most war monuments addressed these proximate local priorities. In the city of Samara (renamed Kuibyshev in 1935) local officials wanted to promote the role of Vasilii Chapaev and local people in the Red victory over the central government’s preference for Mykola (Nikolai) Shchors, while the White memorial in Gallipoli was a site of mourning for defeated anti-Bolshevik armies. The resolution of enmity between the former combatants was thus not necessary, nor did it find expression in monumental form or content, and a common consensus on the public face of the war was never reached.

中文翻译：

---

内战后的内战：1922-1941 年俄罗斯内战纪念碑中的冲突、和解与局部性

内战导致布尔什维克和白人流亡纪念空间被分开，这意味着它的纪念碑代表着敌对双方之间的冲突，而不是促进胜利者和被征服者之间的和解。双方都在一个充满政治和文化动员的公共空间内工作，以推动持续的内战。苏联和移民人口也被国际边界、不可调和的政治意识形态和不同的公共机构分隔开来，双方都不需要将前敌人的成员融入共同的政治领域。最后，当地人和利益集团对内战纪念碑的兴趣比国家政治家和精英更感兴趣，而且大多数战争纪念碑都解决了这些当地优先事项。在萨马拉市（1935 年更名为古比雪夫），当地官员希望宣传瓦西里·查帕耶夫和当地人民在红色战胜中央政府偏爱尼古拉（尼古拉）舒尔的过程中的作用，而加里波利的白色纪念馆则是为战败的反布尔什维克军队哀悼。因此，前战斗人员之间的敌意没有必要化解，也没有以纪念性的形式或内容来表达，也从未就战争的公众面貌达成共识。