Cutting across the divide of 1917 and surveying the relevant recent scholarship on women and gender, this essay explores the gendered nature and consequences of the Russian Revolution. It suggests that while the relative weakness of a cult of domesticity in Russia helped prepare the way for Bolshevik policies, other elements of pre-revolutionary and revolutionary culture worked in the opposite direction. In particular the gendering of the working class as male, a process that accelerated after 1905, and the association of ‘backward’ women with a domestic sphere that revolutionaries held in very low regard compounded material difficulties to create obstacles to women's advancement during the 1920s. The essay concludes with a discussion of the contradictory nature of Stalinist-era changes, which, despite their innumerable negative consequences for women and men alike, a portion of women born after the revolution experienced as empowering.

中文翻译：

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性别革命？

这篇文章跨越了 1917 年的鸿沟，并调查了近期有关女性和性别的相关学术研究，探讨了俄罗斯革命的性别本质和后果。它表明，虽然俄罗斯家庭崇拜的相对弱点有助于为布尔什维克政策铺平道路，但革命前和革命文化的其他元素却在相反的方向上发挥作用。尤其是工人阶级性别化为男性，这一过程在 1905 年后加速，“落后”女性与革命者极不重视的家庭领域的联系加剧了物质困难，从而为 1920 年代的妇女进步制造了障碍。这篇文章最后讨论了斯大林时代变化的矛盾性，其中，