What follows is an attempt to shed some light on the question of the literature of exile and the special problems exile poses for literature. I have no talent for analysis; I limit myself here to a very personal vision. I will not attempt to generalize but merely offer a modest contribution to a multifaceted problem. As both a fact of life and a literary theme, exile dominates Latin American literature today. As a fact of life, we know only too well the number of writers who have had to leave their countries. As a literary theme, exile obviously shows up in many of the poems, short stories, and novels by these writers. A universal theme, at least since the laments of an Ovid or a Dante, exile is a constant in the present day reality and literature of Latin America, from the countries of the so-called Southern Cone all the way to a good many of the nations of Central America. This anomalous condition of the writer encompasses Argentines, Chileans, Uruguayans, Paraguayans, Bolivians, Brazilians, Salvadorans, Haitians, Dominicans, and the list goes on. By “writer” I mean above all the novelist and short story writer, that is to say, writers of creative prose fiction. Alongside them I include the poet, whom no one has been able to define with precision, but who stands beside the story writer and novelist to the degree that all play their game in a territory dominated by analogy, freeReview: Literature and Arts of the Americas, Issue 100, Vol. 53, No. 1, 2020, 95–101

中文翻译：

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流放团契

下面试图阐明流亡文学的问题以及流亡给文学带来的特殊问题。我没有分析的天赋；我将自己限制在一个非常个人的愿景中。我不会试图概括，而只是对一个多方面的问题做出适度的贡献。作为现实生活和文学主题，流亡在当今的拉丁美洲文学中占主导地位。事实上，我们非常清楚不得不离开自己国家的作家的数量。作为文学主题，流放显然出现在这些作家的许多诗歌、短篇小说和小说中。一个普遍的主题，至少在奥维德或但丁的哀叹之后，流放在当今拉丁美洲的现实和文学中是不变的，从所谓的南锥体国家一直到中美洲的许多国家。作者的这种异常状况包括阿根廷人、智利人、乌拉圭人、巴拉圭人、玻利维亚人、巴西人、萨尔瓦多人、海地人、多米尼加人，不胜枚举。我所说的“作家”首先是指小说家和短篇小说作家，也就是说，创作散文小说的作家。除了他们，我还包括诗人，没有人能够准确地定义他，但他站在故事作家和小说家旁边，以至于所有人都在一个以类比为主导的领域里玩游戏，自由评论：美洲文学与艺术，第 100 期，卷。53, No. 1, 2020, 95–101 萨尔瓦多人、海地人、多米尼加人等等。我所说的“作家”首先是指小说家和短篇小说作家，也就是说，创作散文小说的作家。除了他们，我还包括诗人，没有人能够准确地定义他，但他站在故事作家和小说家旁边，以至于所有人都在一个以类比为主导的领域里玩游戏，自由评论：美洲文学与艺术，第 100 期，卷。53, No. 1, 2020, 95–101 萨尔瓦多人、海地人、多米尼加人等等。我所说的“作家”首先是指小说家和短篇小说作家，也就是说，创作散文小说的作家。除了他们，我还包括诗人，没有人能够准确地定义他，但他站在故事作家和小说家旁边，以至于所有人都在一个以类比为主导的领域玩游戏，自由评论：美洲文学与艺术，第 100 期，卷。53, No. 1, 2020, 95–101 但谁站在故事作家和小说家旁边，以至于所有人都在一个以类比为主导的领域里玩游戏，freeReview：美洲文学与艺术，第 100 期，Vol。53, No. 1, 2020, 95–101 但谁站在故事作家和小说家旁边，以至于所有人都在一个以类比为主导的领域里玩游戏，freeReview：美洲文学和艺术，第 100 期，卷。53, No. 1, 2020, 95–101