Abstract In an era of globalization, climate change is considered a huge threat to humanity. With this in mind, and while countries continue to seek economic growth, the question arises: what are the repercussions of globalization on the environment? Through an analysis of the relationship between economic development and environmental degradation, assessing the Environmental Kuznets Curve using the economic, social, and political dimensions, and the de jure and de facto measures of globalization, this study provides evidence for the influence of expanding globalization on environmental performance for 20 of the highest carbon-dioxide-emitting countries within the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The countries were divided into high-globalized countries and low-globalized countries, according to their ranking of overall globalization. In order to provide robust results, the Driscoll-Kraay estimator was performed from 1990 to 2016. The results reveal evidence of the Environmental Kuznets Curve for the high-globalized group, but not for the low-globalized group. Political globalization is shown to be a tool for mitigating environmental degradation, while economic globalization is harmful for it. Furthermore, there is evidence of different effects of de jure and de facto globalization.

中文翻译：

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通过全球化水平重新发现OECD国家中20个最高的CO2排放者的EKC假设

摘要在全球化时代，气候变化被认为是对人类的巨大威胁。考虑到这一点，在各国继续寻求经济增长的同时，出现了一个问题：全球化对环境的影响是什么？通过分析经济发展与环境退化之间的关系，使用经济，社会和政治维度以及法律上和事实上的全球化措施评估环境库兹涅茨曲线，该研究为扩大全球化对经济的影响提供了证据。经济合作与发展组织内20个二氧化碳排放最高的国家的环境绩效。这些国家分为高全球化国家和低全球化国家，根据他们对整体全球化的排名。为了提供可靠的结果，从1990年到2016年进行了Driscoll-Kraay估计。结果显示了高全球化群体的环境库兹涅茨曲线证据，而低全球化群体则没有。政治全球化被证明是减轻环境恶化的工具，而经济全球化对其却是有害的。此外，有证据表明法律上和事实上的全球化会产生不同的影响。经济全球化对其不利。此外，有证据表明法律上和事实上的全球化会产生不同的影响。经济全球化对其不利。此外，有证据表明法律上和事实上的全球化会产生不同的影响。