Abstract This article charts the development of the lenvoy (or envoy) in English courtly verse in the fifteenth century, looking in particular at the poetry of Hoccleve and Lydgate. It first offers a brief account of the lenvoy’s formation. Then, drawing on recent theorizations of poetry’s self-authorizing form, it argues that these authors use changed, elaborated or upgraded form to emphasize poetry’s ability to legitimate itself. It explores the role this legitimating form plays in establishing the relationship of poet and poem to patron and audience. In Lydgate’s Fall of Princes, the lenvoy moves from a work’s periphery to become a key structural element of this advice text. A concluding section traces the lenvoy’s influence as a site for self-theorization on later Lancastrian and early Tudor authors.

中文翻译：

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莱德盖特和列侬

摘要本文描绘了十五世纪英国宫廷诗词中的左派（或使节）的发展，尤其着眼于霍克雷夫和利德盖特的诗歌。它首先简要介绍了猛禽的形成。然后，利用诗歌自我授权形式的最新理论，他们认为这些作者使用变化，精心设计或升级的形式来强调诗歌使自己合法化的能力。它探讨了这种合法形式在建立诗人与诗人与读者和观众之间的关系中所起的作用。在Lydgate的《王子的堕落》中，大佬们从作品的外围转移到了此建议文本的关键结构元素中。结论部分追溯了笔者对后来的兰开斯特和早期的都铎作者进行自我理论研究的影响。