Abstract This article adopts the skill ecosystem approach to the comparative analysis of skill mismatch across European regions within different skill formation regimes. Institutional arrangements of skill formation regimes are designed at national level. However, they are enacted in regions with very different Labor market and socioeconomic conditions, which mediate the relationship between the institutional setting and its effects on the mismatch between the supply and demand of skills in a given region. Our analysis draws on quantitative and qualitative data from an EU Horizon 2020 project on lifelong learning policies for young adults that compares 18 regions in nine European countries. The data analyses show the importance of regional demand side factors in explaining skill shortages and skill surplus, and the coexistence of low-skill and high-skill equilibria in urban regions with high levels of skill polarization. Skill formation regimes present divergent effects on skill mismatch depending on the availability of jobs in the region and the level of skills demanded by the local economy. These findings suggest that combining skill formation regime and skill ecosystem approaches in comparative education research can provide better suited explanations of skill mismatch at regional and sectoral level.

中文翻译：

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技能形成制度的亚国家差异：欧洲18个地区技能不匹配的比较分析

摘要本文采用技能生态系统方法，比较了欧洲地区不同技能形成机制下的技能不匹配情况。技能形成制度的机构安排是在国家一级设计的。但是，它们是在劳动力市场和社会经济条件截然不同的地区颁布的，这些地区介导了机构环境及其对给定地区技能供求不匹配的影响之间的关系。我们的分析借鉴了欧盟Horizo​​n 2020项目关于年轻人的终身学习政策的定量和定性数据，该项目比较了9个欧洲国家的18个地区。数据分析表明，区域需求侧因素对于解释技能短缺和技能过剩的重要性，在技​​能分化程度较高的城市地区，低技能和高技能均衡并存。技能形成机制对技能不匹配的影响不同，这取决于该地区的工作机会和当地经济所要求的技能水平。这些发现表明，在比较教育研究中结合技能形成机制和技能生态系统方法可以更好地解释区域和部门层面的技能不匹配。