ABSTRACT This study analyzes college graduates in the workplace to evaluate the effects of horizontal mismatches between education and jobs on wages and mobility. Using the Heckman-Lee and probit models, this study shows that a gender wage gap still exists. However, the size of the gender wage differential depends on the extent of mismatch. Specifically, the female wage penalty decreases from closely-related to somewhat-related and then increases from somewhat-related to not-related. We also show that the wage penalty motivates females to change jobs more often.

中文翻译：

---

工作不匹配是否会按性别对工资和工作流转产生不同的影响？

摘要这项研究分析了工作场所的大学毕业生，以评估教育和工作之间的水平不匹配对工资和流动性的影响。使用Heckman-Lee和Probit模型，该研究表明性别工资差距仍然存在。但是，性别工资差异的大小取决于不匹配的程度。具体而言，女性工资惩罚从密切相关降低到某种程度相关，然后从某种程度相关增加到不相关。我们还表明，工资罚款激励女性更频繁地换工作。