ABSTRACT This article investigates the genesis of a new model of religious education in the history of Jews using as an example Jews in Galicia during its autonomous period (1867–1918). At that time, it became necessary to organize instruction in Mosaic religion in public schools. No relevant experience had been previously acquired, and the vast majority of Galician Jews sent their children to cheders, where the curriculum was dominated by religious education that spanned several years and was conducted every day. There were relevant questions on how to fit the very rich curriculum of Jewish religion into only two hours a week of religion classes in public schools, the person(s) who would organize the timetable and curriculum for this new subject, and who would teach Jewish children their religion. Moreover, it had to be decided how the instruction should be organized; there were even more important issues to consider,namely those of textbooks for the new subject and of the role of Hebrew in the religion lessons. All of these problems are discussed in this article. The multifaceted and complex process of shaping instruction in Jewish religion in public schools against the background of sociocultural changes in Galicia in the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century is presented. The description of this process was based on hitherto unknown printed sources and archive records.

中文翻译：

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如何在公立学校教授马赛克宗教？自治时期（1867-1918）加利西亚犹太人面临的困境

摘要 本文以加利西亚自治时期（1867-1918 年）的犹太人为例，探讨了犹太人历史上一种新的宗教教育模式的起源。当时，有必要在公立学校组织马赛克宗教的教学。之前没有获得相关经验，绝大多数加利西亚犹太人将他们的孩子送到切德，那里的课程以宗教教育为主，历时数年，每天都在进行。关于如何将非常丰富的犹太宗教课程融入公立学校每周仅两小时的宗教课程、组织这一新学科的时间表和课程的人以及教授犹太宗教的人等相关问题。孩子们他们的宗教。而且，必须决定如何组织教学；还有更重要的问题需要考虑，即新学科的教科书和希伯来语在宗教课程中的作用。本文讨论了所有这些问题。介绍了在 19 世纪和 20 世纪初加利西亚社会文化变革的背景下，在公立学校中塑造犹太宗教教学的多方面而复杂的过程。这个过程的描述是基于迄今为止未知的印刷资源和档案记录。介绍了在 19 世纪和 20 世纪初加利西亚社会文化变革的背景下，在公立学校中塑造犹太宗教教学的多方面而复杂的过程。这个过程的描述是基于迄今为止未知的印刷资源和档案记录。介绍了在 19 世纪和 20 世纪初加利西亚社会文化变革的背景下，在公立学校中塑造犹太宗教教学的多方面而复杂的过程。这个过程的描述是基于迄今为止未知的印刷资源和档案记录。