Abstract

This study investigates the various risk factors that alter online shopping behavior in Kuwait, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Online questionnaires were distributed through various social media platforms. Overall, 385 responses were collected via online questionnaire, and the data were analyzed using AMOS 21 for the purpose of structural equation modeling. The findings show that risk susceptibility, risk severity, and risk of formal penalties positively affect consumers’ online buying attitude in Kuwait, whereas product risk, financial risk, and non-delivery risk show no significant effect. Convenience risk is the only factor that negatively affects attitudes. Further, we find a new path wherein formal penalties imposed on those who break the lockdown rules can directly and positively affect consumer behavior toward online shopping during the pandemic. We show that factors that affect the attitude and behavior of users toward online shopping in normal non-emergency times, vary from those during emergency times.

摘要

本研究调查了在 COVID-19 大流行期间改变科威特在线购物行为的各种风险因素。在线问卷通过各种社交媒体平台分发。总体而言，通过在线问卷收集了 385 份回复，并使用 AMOS 21 对数据进行了分析，以进行结构方程建模。研究结果表明，风险敏感性、风险严重程度和正式处罚风险对科威特消费者的在线购买态度有正向影响，而产品风险、财务风险和未交付风险没有显着影响。便利风险是唯一对态度产生负面影响的因素。更远，我们找到了一条新途径，在这种途径中，对违反封锁规则的人实施正式处罚可以直接和积极地影响大流行期间消费者对在线购物的行为。我们表明，在正常非紧急情况下，影响用户对在线购物的态度和行为的因素与紧急情况下的因素不同。