ABSTRACT

At the beginning of the thirteenth century a planted development was established outside the gates of the Augustinian Priory at Barnwell, Cambridge. Although dislocated from the urban core by a kilometre of open fields, the new settlement nevertheless expanded rapidly; by the close of the thirteenth century, it housed almost one-sixth of the town’s overall population and had attained the legal status of a suburb. Utilising a combination of archaeological evidence and historical sources, the settlement’s origins, development and wider context are explored. In particular, its ‘suburban’ character is examined via a comparison of patterns of refuse disposal undertaken at a variety of sites situated elsewhere across Cambridge and its hinterland. Despite its early success, during the fifteenth century Barnwell’s population began to decline. The settlement’s diminution continued into the post-medieval period, until the area was eventually transformed via intensive speculative development into Cambridge’s largest nineteenth-century suburb.

摘要

十三世纪初，在剑桥的巴恩韦尔（Barnwell）奥古斯丁修道院的大门外建立了种植园。尽管从市区撤离了1公里的空旷土地，但新的定居点仍在迅速扩大。到十三世纪末，它已容纳了该镇总人口的近六分之一，并获得了郊区的合法地位。结合考古证据和历史资料，探索了该定居点的起源，发展和广阔的背景。特别是，通过比较在剑桥及其腹地其他地方不同地点进行的垃圾处理方式的比较来检验其“郊区”特征。尽管取得了早期的成功，但在15世纪期间，Barnwell的人口开始减少。