ABSTRACT

Little is known about sustainable tourism transformations in post-Soviet countries. This particularly concerns the former Soviet Union Republics where no research has attempted to assess how/if the principles of sustainability have been embedded into destination management plans and policies (DMPPs). This study has critically evaluated the scope for integration of sustainable tourism in DMPPs in Kazakhstan, a former post-Soviet country in Central Asia. By interviewing key tourism stakeholders, the study has shown limited embracement of the principles of sustainability. The lack of—(1) an understanding of the sustainability concept by the national government, destination managers and industry practitioners; (2) subject-specific expertise in managing sustainable tourism projects; (3) community engagement in sustainable tourism planning and development; and (4) stakeholder collaboration—has been identified as the prime reason. A multi-level, multi-stakeholder action framework is proposed to aid the tourism industry of Kazakhstan in its advancement towards the sustainable (tourism) development goal.

摘要

对于后苏联国家的可持续旅游转型知之甚少。这尤其涉及前苏联共和国，没有研究试图评估可持续性原则如何/是否已嵌入目的地管理计划和政策 (DMPP)。本研究批判性地评估了哈萨克斯坦（中亚前苏联后国家）将可持续旅游纳入 DMPP 的范围。通过采访主要的旅游利益相关者，该研究表明对可持续性原则的接受程度有限。缺乏——(1) 国家政府、目的地管理者和行业从业者对可持续性概念的理解；(2) 管理可持续旅游项目的特定学科专业知识；(3) 社区参与可持续旅游规划和发展；(4) 利益相关者合作——已被确定为主要原因。提出了一个多层次、多利益相关者的行动框架，以帮助哈萨克斯坦的旅游业朝着可持续（旅游业）发展目标前进。