ABSTRACT

Since 2011, tens of new small-scale associative media organisations have sprung up in different towns and regions of Tunisia. Their proliferation has allowed for new voices to emerge both on a local and a national (collective) level. They have also come to represent a coherent third sector in the Tunisian media sphere alongside public and private media. This paper aims to investigate how these new actors position themselves within Tunisia’s changing media landscape. What roles do they espouse for themselves, and what practices and values structure their work? By using Nick Couldry’s notion of voice (2010), as both a value and a concrete process, we analyse how these roles and practices are performed in the Tunisian context. Firstly, by mapping the openings and closures in the Tunisian system that are straddled and negotiated by these actors, namely: regulatory reform, changes in the structure of the media and regional inequalities. Secondly, by analysing their practices and strategies, including their limitations, at both a national and local level. We argue that associative media’s collective work at the national level, through sectoral-representative associations, aims at stabilising and entrenching this emerging sector by lobbying and pressuring state organs, organising collective responses to its structural weaknesses, and creating ad-hoc networks of solidarity and mobilisation with other civil society actors. While at a local level, associative media actors attempt to grapple more directly with the challenges of recognising, facilitating, and extending marginalised voices from their communities.

摘要

2011年以来，在突尼斯不同城镇和地区涌现出数十家新的小型关联媒体机构。它们的扩散使得新的声音出现在地方和国家（集体）层面。它们还代表了突尼斯媒体领域与公共和私人媒体一起的一个连贯的第三部门。本文旨在调查这些新演员如何在突尼斯不断变化的媒体环境中定位自己。他们拥护自己的角色，他们的工作由哪些实践和价值观构成？通过使用尼克·坎克里的声音概念（2010），作为一个价值和一个具体的过程，我们分析了这些角色和实践是如何在突尼斯语境中发挥作用的。首先，通过绘制由这些行为者跨越和谈判的突尼斯体系中的开放和封闭，即：监管改革、媒体结构变化和地区不平等。其次，通过分析他们在国家和地方层面的实践和战略，包括其局限性。我们认为，联合媒体在国家层面的集体工作，通过部门代表协会，旨在通过游说和施压国家机关，组织集体应对其结构性弱点，以及建立团结的特设网络来稳定和巩固这一新兴部门。与其他民间社会行动者一起动员。在地方层面，联合媒体参与者试图更直接地应对 在国家和地方层面。我们认为，联合媒体在国家层面的集体工作，通过部门代表协会，旨在通过游说和施压国家机关，组织集体应对其结构性弱点，以及建立团结的特设网络来稳定和巩固这一新兴部门。与其他民间社会行动者一起动员。在地方层面，联合媒体参与者试图更直接地应对 在国家和地方层面。我们认为，联合媒体在国家层面的集体工作，通过部门代表协会，旨在通过游说和施压国家机关，组织集体应对其结构性弱点，以及建立团结的特设网络来稳定和巩固这一新兴部门。与其他民间社会行动者一起动员。在地方层面，联合媒体参与者试图更直接地应对 与其他民间社会行动者建立团结和动员的特设网络。在地方层面，联合媒体参与者试图更直接地应对 与其他民间社会行动者建立团结和动员的特设网络。在地方层面，联合媒体参与者试图更直接地应对识别、促进和扩大社区边缘化的声音。